What and Why
What is malware analysis and why it is useful?
Anti-Virus cannot be relied on
50% to 97% of breaches involve malware
Breach Happens- Then What?
Typical:
Reimage the machine
Advanced: Incident Response
Analyze logs, network traffic, strange processes, etc.
is it anywhere else?
How did it get there?
Mature: Gather Intelligence
What is the impact?
What is the Risk?
Financially motivate? Hacktivism? Opportunistic? APT?
Read: Verizon Data Breach report 2015
Scope
Beginner's Intro to
Windows Malware Analysis
Basic Forensics/ Incident Response / Malware Discovery
Basic Reverse Engineering
Recommended Background
Networking - TCP/IP, Operating System Internals, Programming (C, C++), Software Vulnerabilities, Hacking
What is Malware?
Malicious Software, Executes without permission or Knowledge
Software problems like every other product:
Compatibility issues, Bugs, customer service, versions/updating issues, Team Development/ Source code control
Malware Types/Functionality
General
Virus (File Infector Rare)
Trojan (Common)
Worm (Rare)
Bot (Very Common)
Rootkits (Uncommon)
RAT (Very Common)
More Specialized
Scareware
Spyware
Adware
Backdoors
Credential Stealers
Anti-Analysis
Defenses
Stealth
Loader / Downloader
Other Malicious Software
Builders
Exploit Kit
Packer/ Crypter
Types of Analysis
Dynamic analysis
Executing the malware. Simple, fast, easy to miss things
Static Analysis
Reverse Engineering. Slow, Deep technical Knowledge. With enough time anything can be reversed
Hybrid Static/ Dynamic
Most analysis is a mixture: you find something in the disassembly then you confirm/investigate while the malware is executing.
Memory Forensics. Can be very useful, but is not the end-all-be-all
Tools
MAP Pack (Malware analysis pack)
PE viewer: CFF explorer, PE Explorer, PE View, PE Studio
A disassembler: IDA Pro, x64_dbg, Hopper, etc
other (personal preference)
Cygwin - packages (MD5sum, gcc, xxd, file, string, python , binutils) https://cygwin.com/install.html
Notepad++
7Zip
Sample Viruses
Some malware can be executed upon: Being Scanned, Viewing the icon: Word, PDF, system icon, Extracting the file from an archive
MD5 vs SHA256
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